Mental health outcomes among female Ukrainian refugees in Germany : a mixed method approach exploring resources and stressors

Abstract

Background: Mental health outcomes among female refugees are complex and multifaceted. This study examines the mental health outcomes and coping resources of female Ukrainian refugees in Germany using a mixed methods approach with qualitative focus groups and quantitative assessments. Methods: This study employs a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Three focus group discussions with fifteen participants were conducted in Hamburg in April 2023. A stepwise qualitative data analysis was done using a deductive coding technique. The quantitative analysis focused on descriptive statistics to summarize the data and provide an overview of participants’ mental health and well-being. Results: Our findings show that 43% of participants reported anxiety symptoms, and 21% showed signs of depression—many experienced isolation and disconnection and were struggling with cultural adaptation and the emotional toll of displacement. Despite challenges, participants utilized various coping strategies, such as staying active, volunteering, and seeking community support. However, significant barriers to accessing mental health services, especially for children, were identified. Conclusions: The study underscores the need for tailored interventions, including language support, accessible mental health resources, and community engagement, to foster resilience and well-being. It highlights the importance of comprehensive support systems for refugee populations in host countries, such as active lifestyles, social support, volunteer work, and successful integration.